مراجعة على الماضى التام The past perfect

مراجعة على الماضى التام The past perfect

مراجعة على

الماضى التام

The past perfect

============



The past perfect الماضى التام

He had finished his work before going home.



had+p.p التكوين



يستخدم الماضى التام ليصف حدث تم أولاَ وانتهى قبل حدث آخر فى الماضى البسيط



الكلمات التى يستخدم معها

(after-as soon as - when - before - by the time - till- until)



After / as soon as (حدث أول) ماضى بسيط (حدث ثانى) ماضى تام



- After he had eaten his lunch, he drank tea.

- As soon as he had arrived at home , he watched TV.

- She bought a car after she had learned to drive.

- After he had left the factory, Dickens went to work as an office clerk.

Note:

After leaving the factory ,Dickens went to work as an office clerk

كما فى المثال السابق

يمكن ان ياتى اسم الفعل بعد after



as soon as ,when , after *** قد ياتى بعدهم فعلين ماضى بسيط

After he left the factory , Dickens went to work as an office clerk.



ماضى بسيط because ماضى تام

-Charles's father went to prison because he had got into debt.

- Oliver twist grew up in a work house because his mother had died

-Large numbers of people came to the cities to look for work because they had lost their jobs in the country.

-Many people died because they had been ill or hadn’t had food.



Before / by the time ماضى تام (حدث اول) ماضى بسيط(حدث ثانى) ماضى تام

- Before he drank tea , he had eaten his lunch.

- He had eaten his lunch, before He drank tea .

- By the time he watched TV , he had arrived at home.

He had arrived at home , by the time he watched TV.

يمكن ان ياتى اسم الفعل بعد before

Before drinking tea, he had eaten his lunch



( past Simple ‘negative’ ) till ( past perfect )

( ماضى بسيط منفى ) ( ماضى تام )

( didn’t ) + ( التصريف الأول ) until الحدث الاول



- I didn't watch TV until I had done my homework.

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